[Pharmacogenomics in leukemia treatment].

Recent advances in molecular genetic research, driven by the development of genomic analysis technologies, have significantly improved treatment outcomes for leukemia. In recent years, mounting evidence indicates that germline genetic background influences drug sensitivity and the risk of adverse effects, underscoring the growing importance of personalized treatment strategies. In particular, the NUDT15 polymorphism, which determines sensitivity to 6-mercaptopurine, has garnered significant attention. Notably, a low-activity variant of this polymorphism, prevalent in Asian countries, has been shown to substantially increase the risk of bone marrow suppression and other adverse effects. Pre-treatment analysis of the NUDT15 polymorphism has demonstrated utility in dose adjustment, helping to mitigate the risk of treatment-related toxicities. Studies have also explored the relationship between genetic background and late complications of leukemia treatment. Optimization of therapeutic strategies based on pharmacogenetic insights holds promise for minimizing complications while maximizing treatment efficacy for each individual patient.