A covalently adaptive polymer welding strategy enabling integrated electronics for pre-hospital monitoring of myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), creating an urgent demand for wireless, real-time, and continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. However, conventional hospital-based instruments are bulky and operator-dependent, limiting accessibility and continuous pre-hospital monitoring of MI. Herein, we propose an interfacial welding strategy to fabricate seamlessly integrated point-of-care electronics for ECG monitoring towards pre-hospital diagnosis of MI. The interfacial welding is realized using a covalently-adaptive polymer containing dynamic disulfide bonds, which enables seamless interlocking of polymer layers to fabricate portable and integrated wearable electronics (PIWE). The PIWE can wirelessly record stable and high-quality ECG signals which reflect different stages of MI development. Furthermore, machine learning models are successfully established to analyse and classify the collected ECG signals, achieving accurate prediction of a certain stage of MI; it will greatly benefit pre-hospital ECG monitoring and MI diagnosis for people who are exposed to high-risk factors of CVDs. Overall, this work demonstrates an interface welding strategy based on dynamic chemistry, which enables facile fabrication of integrated electronics, offering great significance for smart healthcare once combined with machine learning, typically the pre-hospital monitoring of MI.