Therapeutic Potential of Water-Based Anatolian Propolis Extract Against CAF Diet-Induced Obesity and Its Metabolic Complications.

This study investigates the anti-obesity effects of water-based Anatolian propolis extract in mice with a cafeteria diet-induced obesity model. The phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of the WBAP extract were characterized in vitro. For the in vivo study, 42 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into a control group (n = 6) and a study group (n = 36) fed a CAF diet for 12 weeks. Obese mice were then treated for 4 weeks with WBAP or Orlistat via intraperitoneal injection. At the end of the 28-day treatment period, serum and tissues were collected. Serum levels of insulin, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, UCP-1, and various biochemical parameters were analyzed. Liver and adipose tissues were subjected to histopathological analysis. Compared to the untreated CAF group, the WBAP-treated group exhibited significant reductions in body weight, serum triglycerides, AST, ALT, HOMA-IR, leptin, and TNF-α levels. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in adiponectin levels in the WBAP-treated group. Water-based Anatolian propolis (WBAP) ameliorates key features of diet-induced obesity, including dyslipidemia, liver damage, inflammation, and hormonal dysregulation. These results suggest that WBAP is a promising natural and alternative agent for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its related metabolic complications.