Renovascular hypertension in an infant with segmental renal artery stenosis and hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta.

Hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta is a rare cause of renovascular hypertension. Arteriographic studies of the renal vasculature are presented from an infant with hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta and segmental renal artery stenosis. The renovascular hypertension was cured by partial nephrectomy. There was no difference in the parenchymal histology in the tissue from the congenitally ischemic lower pole of the kidney and the vascularized upper pole. In this unique case with decreased renal blood flow during fetal development there was no evidence that parenchymal ischemia can cause renal parenchymal hypoplasia.