Reduction in parenteral nutrition related complications in the newborn.

A comparison of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) related complication in newborns was made between two study periods, namely, 1986 (Study A) and 1989-90 (Study B). A significant reduction was seen in all complications in Study B. Local complications (thrombophlebitis, gangrene, abscess) reduced from 80.0 to 29.4%, septicemia from 52.0 to 11.7% and metabolic complications from a computed mean of 1.6 episode per baby to 0.88 episode per baby. The reduction in these complications has been attributed to the following additional inputs in the recent study (i) Additional staff (research officers, nurses, biochemist); (ii) Better training of resident staff; (iii) Use of a laminar flow system for mixing solutions; (iv) Specially designed locally manufactured intravenous sets and accessories; and (v) Use of well balanced nutrient solutions. Outstanding problems perceived are--high incidence of TPN-related cholestasis (14.7%), azotemia (26.4%), central catheter-related sepsis (75.0%) and the falling, but yet high cost of the technique (Rs. 650 per day).