Integrated bioinformatic analysis revealed biological processes and immune cells implicated in autoimmune hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease for which the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. The current study aimed to reveal key biological processes and immune cells implicated in AIH by integrated bioinformatic analysis. The global gene expression in livers from wild-type BALB/c mice, mice with Tgfb1 deficiency, and mice with both Tgfb1 and Ifng deficiency was assessed by microarray data analysis. Differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. AIH mice with Tgfb1 deletion showed significantly enhanced immune responses but impaired metabolic processes, whereas increased T cell activation and cytokine production, but weakened organic acid and lipid metabolic processes were observed in mice with deletion of both Tgfb1 and Ifng. In addition, infiltration of immune cells was evaluated by CIBERSORT. Increased infiltration of T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells, and decreased infiltration of neutrophils, eosinophils, plasma cells, and B cells were observed in AIH mice. In conclusion, we identified potential biological processes and immune cells that contributed to AIH; further investigations are needed to confirm these findings and thus provide a potential novel therapeutic target for AIH treatment.