One- vs. five-session treatment of intra-oral injection phobia: a randomized clinical study.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of one and five sessions of treatment for intra-oral injection phobia in 55 subjects fulfilling the DSM-IV criteria for specific phobia. The subjects were randomly assigned to one or five sessions of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) performed by dentists. Assessments included behavioural tests and self-report instruments used pretreatment, post-treatment, and at 1 yr of follow-up. The dental anxiety scale (DAS), the injection phobia scale-anxiety, and the mutilation questionnaires were applied. Mean avoidance duration of intra-oral injections before treatment was 7.0 yr. The results showed that 89% of the subjects had received intra-oral injections from a regular dentist during the 1-yr follow-up. The only significant difference between the one- and the five-session groups was that the five-session group reported less anxiety (as measured using the DAS) at 1 yr of follow-up. It was concluded that both treatments performed by dentists specially trained in CBT have a significant treatment effect on the intra-oral injection phobia.