Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology · 2003
A three-factor model of cognition in Alzheimer disease.
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Sevush Steven, Peruyera Gloria, Bertran Annette, Cisneros Wendy
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To use principal factors analysis to model cognition in Alzheimer disease.
BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have used factor analysis to examine the effects on Alzheimer disease cognition of either heterogeneity in premorbid cognition or heterogeneity in the disease process itself. In the current study, both sources of heterogeneity were incorporated within a single model.
METHODS: Two hundred sixty-one patients with probable Alzheimer disease (92 White Non-Hispanic, 148 Hispanic, and 21 African-American) were tested with the Mini-Mental Status Examination, the Assessment of Cognitive Abilities in Dementia, and the Short Portable Mental Status Examination.
RESULTS: Three factors were obtained: one with loadings for memory and orientation, a second with loadings for language and praxis, and a third with loadings for executive functions. Factors 1 and 2 declined over 1.82 years (p = 0.0002, p = 0.0001); Factor 3 scores remained invariant over this period (p = 0.16). Furthermore, only Factor 3 scores correlated with either education (p = 0.0001) or ethnicity (p = 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: A possible interpretation is that Factors 1 and 2 may reflect two components of the Alzheimer disease process while Factor 3 may provide an estimate of premorbid cognition. A potential practical application of the analysis is that it may provide a measure of Alzheimer disease decline that is free from correlation with education or ethnicity.
BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have used factor analysis to examine the effects on Alzheimer disease cognition of either heterogeneity in premorbid cognition or heterogeneity in the disease process itself. In the current study, both sources of heterogeneity were incorporated within a single model.
METHODS: Two hundred sixty-one patients with probable Alzheimer disease (92 White Non-Hispanic, 148 Hispanic, and 21 African-American) were tested with the Mini-Mental Status Examination, the Assessment of Cognitive Abilities in Dementia, and the Short Portable Mental Status Examination.
RESULTS: Three factors were obtained: one with loadings for memory and orientation, a second with loadings for language and praxis, and a third with loadings for executive functions. Factors 1 and 2 declined over 1.82 years (p = 0.0002, p = 0.0001); Factor 3 scores remained invariant over this period (p = 0.16). Furthermore, only Factor 3 scores correlated with either education (p = 0.0001) or ethnicity (p = 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: A possible interpretation is that Factors 1 and 2 may reflect two components of the Alzheimer disease process while Factor 3 may provide an estimate of premorbid cognition. A potential practical application of the analysis is that it may provide a measure of Alzheimer disease decline that is free from correlation with education or ethnicity.