Tendon Tissue Engineering: Pathophysiological Mechanism and Bioengineering Therapy of Tendinopathy.

Tendinopathy afflicts many professional athletes and the elderly. However, due to the unique cellular and histological composition of tendons, healing is frequently unsatisfactory. The clinical physical therapy and surgical interventions often fail to meet patient expectations. In recent years, bioengineering technology has undergone rapid development, with a significant number of studies in the biological field focusing on bioengineering technology to explore emerging treatments for diseases. Therefore, bioengineering technology has the potential to become an important part of future tendon healing therapies. The present article will describe the sources of scaffolds, biological factors and bioengineering strategies, with a focus on their current applications in laboratory and clinical contexts.