Male Breast Cancer: Therapy-Induced Toxicities, Psychological Distress, and Individual Patient Goals during Oncological Inpatient Rehabilitation.

INTRODUCTION

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare malignancy that accounts for less than 1% of all cancers in men and less than 1% of all breast cancers worldwide. Understandably, due to the low incidence of this rare cancer, there is a lack of prospective clinical data. The aim of this retrospective study was the analysis of therapy-induced toxicities as well as the assessment of psychological distress in the affected men during oncological inpatient rehabilitation.

METHODS

Fifty-one MBC patients were evaluated for the presence of treatment-induced side effects, toxicities, and psychological distress (using German version of the 11-stage NCCN distress thermometer; cut-off ≥5) during oncological indoor rehabilitation. The collected data were checked for correlation with sociodemographic and clinical factors (SPSS 22).

RESULTS

The mean age was 62.0 ± 10.6 years, in 96% a hormone-dependent breast tumor (ER+), and in over 75%, overweight or obesity (BMI >25/>30) was diagnosed. Most reported side effects included weakness/fatigue (74.5%), arthralgia after surgery/chemotherapy (43.1%), chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (36.3%), and/or lymphedema (13.7%). Psychological distress was detected in 24 cases (47.0%; ≥5), in 13 cases even with significantly high levels (25.5%; ≥7). There was no correlation between psychological distress and clinical factors such as age, performed treatment (e.g., chemotherapy), or therapy-induced side effects (e.g., lymphedema) in our small collective.

CONCLUSIONS

Psychological distress and somatic side effects are common in MBC. These data demonstrate the importance of routine screening for psychological distress and the high need for psycho-oncological therapy (regardless of gender) in multimodal oncological rehabilitation.