Pigmentary disorders in Latin America.

Pigmentary disorders with hypopigmentation/depigmentation or hyperpigmentation may have special manifestations in Latin America. Most pigmentary disorders are commonly observed in all areas of Latin America, but a few are particularly seen in tropical and subtropical regions. In most pigmentary disorder ailments described, multiple factors involved in their pathogenesis are known, but etiology remains elusive. Some pigmentary disorders have peculiar clinical expressions and, in spite of being restricted to certain geographical areas, they may be observed in other world areas because of frequent traveling of affected patients. Therapy of most of these ailments is difficult or remains unknown.