Levels of Pro and Anti-inflammatory Citokynes and C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Submitted to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment.

Aim: to compare the levels of IFN-γ, TGF-β and C-reactive protein (CRP) in healthy patients (HP) and chronic periodontitis patients (CP) before and seven days after the last session of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment (NSPT). Materials and

Methods

40 subjects were divided into two groups: healthy (n= 20), and with chronic periodontitis (n = 20). Serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected from each patient and quantified for IFN-γ, TGF-β and CRP using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

IFN-γ was found to be higher in the GCF of the CP group before NSPT in relation to the HP group (p<0.05), and it had significant higher levels after seven days of NSPT (p<0.05). The levels of TGF-β in the GCF of CP patients before NSPT were significantly higher when compared to HP (p<0.05), but they decreased after seven days of NSPT (p>0.05). Serum CRP levels did not show statistical difference between CP and HP before or after NSPT.

Conclusion

Therefore, our results demonstrated for the first time that NSPT causes early exacerbation of the immune response at the local level represented by increased levels of IFN-γ and decreased levels of TGF-β in the gingival crevicular fluid after seven days of treatment.