The GBA1 p.E427K (p.E388K) Variant Is a Risk Factor for Synucleinopathies: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND

Variants in GBA1 are important genetic risk factors for synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Although several GBA1 variants are established risk or severity modifiers, the role of the p.E427K variant remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to determine whether the GBA1 p.E427K variant is associated with risk of synucleinopathies.

METHODS

We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies reporting the frequency of GBA1 p.E427K (p.E388K) in PD and related synucleinopathies. Data were obtained from published studies, open-access resources, and large cohorts, including in-house datasets. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for each cohort and pooled using a random-effects model.

RESULTS

Across 67,221 patients and 123,832 controls, GBA1 p.E427K was associated with increased disease risk (pooled OR = 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.33-2.84, P = 0.0007). Enzymatic data showed reduced glucocerebrosidase activity in carriers.

CONCLUSIONS

The GBA1 p.E427K variant is a risk factor for synucleinopathies and should be considered in genetic studies and clinical trials. © 2026 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.