Infected False Aneurysm of Brachiocephalic Trunk - Rare but Highly Lethal Cause of Dyspnea.

False aneurysm of the brachiocephalic trunk is a very rare but highly lethal, life-threatening, and difficult-to-treat condition. In this report, we present a case of a patient who suffered from rapidly worsening dyspnea caused by infected false aneurysm of the brachiocephalic trunk compressing the trachea that was successfully treated by stent graft implantation. The main purpose of this article is to consider other, less common causes of dyspnea and to explain the pathogenesis of infected true/false aneurysm and its management. Due to the rarity, history-taking and physical examination should be thorough, and symptoms and signs should be analyzed deeply. Simplification should be avoided during diagnosis. In addition, we would like to highlight the option of stent grafts as an alternative to surgery in the management of patients suffering from infected aneurysm who are at high surgical risk.