Vertical transmission of Wolbachia in Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida and Panonychus mori Yokoyama (Acari: Tetranychidae).

The vertical transmission of Wolbachia in two species of spider mite was investigated and compared. One species, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, was infected with a modification negative strain of Wolbachia while the other species, Panonychus mori Yokoyama, was infected with a modification positive strain. The infection showed perfect maternal transmission in the laboratory population of T. kanzawai in which Wolbachia-infected females produced infected offspring regardless of whether they mated with infected or uninfected males, and uninfected females produced Wolbachia-free progenies without regard to the infection status of their mating partners. In artificial P. mori populations initiated with 50% infected and 50% uninfected female adults, the infection frequencies among progenies increased with each generation, reaching 100% at the sixth generation in the Sendai population and after the sixth generation in the Toyama population. In another experiment, in which an artificial T. kanzawai population was composed of 50% infected and 50% uninfected female adults, the infection frequency in progeny populations increased very slowly, reaching 62.5% at the 15th generation. The difference in infection frequency in the two spider mites may be due to the different strains of Wolbachia.