Six-month clinical outcomes of non-surgical periodontal treatment with antibiotics on apoptosis markers in aggressive periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: Extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis are involved in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). The aim of this study was to evaluate 6-month clinical outcomes relative to apoptosis of one-stage full-mouth disinfection (OSFMD) and systemic antibiotics (SA) in the treatment of GAgP.

METHODS: Twenty-six patients with GAgP were included in this prospective follow-up intervention study. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from patients at baseline and 3 and 6 months after periodontal therapy, which consisted of OSFMD and SA (amoxicillin and metronidazole, 500 mg each for 7 days). The levels of p53, caspase-3, TNF-α, TRAIL, IL-1β, and IL-10 in GCF were measured via ELISA.

RESULTS: Periodontal parameters were improved at 3 and 6 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). p53 was decreased up to 6 months (p < 0.05). TRAIL, TNF-α, and IL-10 were similar at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Caspase-3 and IL-1β were decreased at 3 months (p < 0.05), but similar at 6 months compared to baseline (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Although OSFMD plus SA improves clinical periodontal parameters up to 6 months, this treatment protocol differentially regulates the apoptosis markers caspase-3 at 3 months and p53 at 6 months without influencing TRAIL in GCF.