Unilateral Pulmonary Fibrosis Secondary to Unilateral Absence of the Pulmonary Artery With Concomitant Lung Cancer: A Case Report.

The finding of unilateral pulmonary fibrosis secondary to unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery is a rare condition. The association with lung cancer, both ipsilateral or contralateral, is ever rarer. Unilateral pulmonary fibrosis can be caused by proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery (congenital absence of pulmonary artery), among other causes. Diagnostic modalities for the diagnosis of unilateral absence of pulmonary artery include chest X-ray, computed tomography, echocardiogram, MRI, and aortogram, with contrasted CT chest being the gold standard. Clinical presentations are variable. Treatment includes the treatment of recurrent infections, hemoptysis, pulmonary hypertension, and possibly re-anastomosis. We present the case of a 69-year-old man with unilateral (left-sided) pulmonary fibrosis secondary to unilateral absence of the left pulmonary artery with concomitant lung cancer. This case highlights the association between unilateral pulmonary fibrosis caused by the absence of a unilateral pulmonary artery and the occurrence of lung cancer.