Postsurgical surveillance for recurrence of UICC stage I colorectal carcinoma: is follow-up by CEA justified?

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was undertaken to investigate whether it will be possible to reduce the times and types of postoperative examinations for surveillance in patients with UICC stage I colorectal carcinoma. In addition, the value of CEA in postoperative surveillance is discussed.

METHODOLOGY: A review was performed of 541 patients who underwent curative resection for UICC stage I colorectal carcinoma between January, 1985 and December, 1998. Periodic check-up was routinely conducted to identify recurrence.

RESULTS

The median follow-up was 82 months. The recurrence rate was 2.9% in the UICC stage Ia (pT1N0M0) group, and 5.6% in the Ib (pT2N0M0) group. Cancer-specific survival rates at 5 years were 99.3% and 97.6%, respectively (p=0.0354). Recurrences occurred more frequently in patients with lower rectal carcinoma (p=0.0415). Curative-intent salvage surgery was performed in 61.9% (13/21) for recurrent lesions. Between the patients who were CEA positive (13/21; 61.9%) and those who were CEA negative at the time of recurrence, there was no significant difference in the prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of recurrence was low after curative surgery in patients with UICC stage I colorectal carcinoma, and it is therefore possible to reduce times and types of postoperative examinations. CEA measurement alone appears to be sufficient.