Post-intensive care syndrome in cardiac patients: Cognitive, psychological, and functional implications - A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION

Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) involves cognitive, psychological, and physical impairments after ICU hospitalization. While extensively studied in general ICU populations, its impact on cardiac patients remains underexplored.

OBJECTIVES

This study examined the prevalence and severity of PICS-related symptoms among cardiac patients 2-4 weeks after ICU discharge and explored correlations with selected demographic and clinical factors.

METHOD: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 100 post-ICU cardiac patients, assessed 2-4 weeks after ICU discharge, at a Critical Care Recovery Center (May-June 2024). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and the Greek-adapted Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor-Self Report (HABC-M SR). Non-parametric tests and Spearman correlations were applied (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

Clinically relevant PICS symptoms were identified in 68% of participants. The mean total HABC-M SR score was 41.4 ± 23.9, indicating moderate to severe symptom burden. Functional and psychological impairments were more prominent than cognitive deficits. Greater symptom burden correlated with older age, lower educational level, and male sex.

DISCUSSION: PICS significantly influences the recovery of cardiac patients, affecting their physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being. Early identification of vulnerable groups is essential.

CONCLUSIONS

Post-intensive care syndrome was highly prevalent among cardiac patients within the first month following ICU discharge, with functional and psychological impairments more pronounced than cognitive deficits. Older age, lower educational level, and male sex were correlated with greater symptom burden across PICS domains. These findings highlight the multidimensional impact of PICS in cardiac populations and underscore the need for early, structured screening and multidisciplinary follow-up during early recovery to support functional recovery and psychological well-being.