Factors Influencing Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India.

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health burden worldwide, often requiring hemodialysis to sustain life in advanced stages. This study evaluates the quality of life (QoL) and its determinants among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, focusing on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors to facilitate better patient-centered care in resource-limited settings. Methodology A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 228 CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis at a tertiary care center in Kolkata. QoL was assessed using the validated Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF™) questionnaire, alongside sociodemographic and clinical factors. Systematic random sampling and face-to-face interviews were employed for data collection. Collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA) and subsequently analyzed in Jamovi software. Results The study reported a moderate mean QoL score (49.96 ± 14.50), with 134 (58.7%) patients experiencing fair to poor QoL. Poor QoL was significantly associated with low socioeconomic status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.34, p = 0.005), presence of comorbidities (AOR = 3.79, p < 0.001), and CKD duration exceeding five years (AOR = 3.23, p < 0.001), though patients undergoing fewer than 100 dialysis sessions annually had significantly lower odds of poor QoL (AOR = 0.34, p < 0.001). Conclusions QoL in CKD patients on hemodialysis is markedly compromised, with low socioeconomic status, comorbidities, prolonged disease duration, and dialysis frequency independently influencing outcomes. Targeted strategies to improve dialysis adherence, comprehensive comorbidity management, and the reduction of socioeconomic barriers are essential to enhance patient well-being and overall QoL.