Breast cancer in the cycle of hope and hopelesness: A qualitative research.

PURPOSE: Hope is a crucial psychological resource that influences adaptation and coping during the cancer journey. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of hope and hopelessness among breast cancer survivors.

METHODS

A descriptive qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 19 women who had completed their hospital-based treatment for breast cancer within the past 3-5 years. Data were collected via Zoom and analyzed using inductive content analysis. The study was reported by the COREQ checklist.

RESULTS

Four main themes emerged from the data: (1) The cycle of hope (fluctuations across diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment); (2) Sources of hope (acceptance, positive appraisal of treatment, social and professional support); (3) Factors threatening hope (association with death, symptom burden, stigma, emotional isolation, caregiving responsibilities, and lack of professional support); and (4) Strategies to sustain hope (faith, remaining connected to life, cognitive reframing, treatment adherence, and redefining suffering as a shared human experience). Participants described hope as a shifting and vital internal force that helped them navigate uncertainty, while hopelessness was triggered by a lack of control, negative bodily changes, and unsupportive interactions with healthcare professionals.

CONCLUSION

Hope and hopelessness coexist as dynamic and fluctuating experiences in breast cancer survivors. These emotional responses are shaped by personal meaning-making, social context, and the quality of care interactions. Nurses should assess hope-related risks and offer targeted interventions. Hope-focused communication, emotional acknowledgment, and tailored psychosocial support can reduce hopelessness and improve survivors' well-being.