Antimicrobial-resistant raoultella planticola isolated from preweaned dairy calf feces.

OBJECTIVE

Raoultella planticola is an emerging opportunistic pathogen closely related to members of the Klebsiella genus. Genomic characterization of R. planticola isolates recovered from food animals is lacking. Here we describe the antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors, plasmid replicons, and phylogeny of three antimicrobial-resistant R. planticola isolates recovered from the feces of three dairy calves within 48 hours of birth.

METHODS

The genomes of the three R. planticola isolates were sequenced on a NextSeq 2000 platform using paired-end sequencing. The raw reads were trimmed using Trimmomatic and assembled using SPAdes v 3.15.4. Antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors and plasmid replicons were identified using ABRicate. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified among the genomes using the Harvest package and phylogenies were inferred using RAxML.

RESULTS

In total, nine different ARGs known to confer resistance to at least five different classes of antibiotics were detected among the three R. planticola genomes. These include blaPLA, a β-lactamase found only in R. planticola, fosfomycin resistance gene fosA, and a sequence aligned with oxqAB, an efflux pump conferring resistance to antibiotics including fluoroquinolones. Each genome encoded between four and seven ARGs, with three considered genotypically to be multidrug-resistant (MDR). Two of the three genomes harbored plasmids, and all three encoded 41-42 virulence factors, including iron scavenging genes sitABCD.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of this study demonstrate the presence of diverse antimicrobial-resistant R. planticola, isolated from the feces of healthy dairy calves, that had some virulence factors that may cause human disease.