Diabetes mellitus does not increase the risk of adverse long-term outcomes after intracranial stent placement.

The present study is to investigate whether diabetes mellitus (DM) increases risk of adverse long-term outcomes after intracranial stent placement. Patients receiving intracranial stenting were assigned to DM group and non-DM group according to diabetes status. The long-term follow-up endpoint was composite of any stroke and death within 30 days, any ischemic stroke beyond 30 days, and transient ischemic attack in the territory of the stented artery at any time. A total of 44 stenoses in 43 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The cumulative probability of the composite outcomes were 15.4% (95% CI 15.3-47.3%) at 1 year and 30.8% (95% CI 26.5-33.6%) at 2 years for DM group; 17.5% (95% CI 16.0-31.2%) at both 1 year and 2 years for non-DM group (log-rank test, P = 0.424). After adjusting for the confounders, the risk of DM versus non-DM for composite outcomes remained insignificant (hazard ratio: 2.84, 95% CI 0.46-17.66; P = 0.26). Our results showed that there is no significant difference between patients with DM and without DM in cumulative probability of the composite outcomes. It suggests that based on our data, there is no evidence that DM increases the risk of adverse long-term outcomes after intracranial stent placement.