Nutritional neuroscience · 2026
Neuroprotective effects of Agaricus bisporus protein extract in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease: modulation of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptotic pathways in the Substantia Nigra.
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Zhgenti Nikoloz, Bibilashvili Otar, Davitashvili Elene, Koshoridze Nana
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Agaricus bisporus contains bioactive proteins, including tyrosinase, which may influence dopaminergic metabolism. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons driven by oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of an Agaricus bisporus protein extract (ABE) and its mechanistic basis in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD.
METHODS: A tyrosinase-enriched protein fraction was isolated and administered orally to MPTP-treated mice for 20 days. Behavioral performance, dopaminergic markers, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory mediators, and apoptosis-related proteins were assessed in the substantia nigra.
RESULTS: ABE exhibited preserved tyrosinase activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. In vivo, ABE increased plasma L-DOPA and dopamine levels by ∼55% and ∼30%, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01), and significantly elevated nigral dopamine (p < 0.001) and AADC activity (p < 0.01). Motor deficits were attenuated, with reduced beam-walking errors (p < 0.001). Oxidative stress was mitigated, as evidenced by restoration of SOD and CAT activities (p < 0.001) and reduction of MDA, H₂O₂, and NO levels (p < 0.05). ABE suppressed neuroinflammation by decreasing NF-κB p65 expression (p < 0.001) and reducing IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). Apoptotic signaling was shifted toward cell survival, with increased Bcl-2 (p < 0.01) and decreased Bax and Bad expression (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry confirmed preservation of tyrosine hydroxylase - positive neurons (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: ABE exerts neuroprotective effects in MPTP-induced PD via tyrosinase-associated enhancement of dopaminergic metabolism, alongside antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of an Agaricus bisporus protein extract (ABE) and its mechanistic basis in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD.
METHODS: A tyrosinase-enriched protein fraction was isolated and administered orally to MPTP-treated mice for 20 days. Behavioral performance, dopaminergic markers, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory mediators, and apoptosis-related proteins were assessed in the substantia nigra.
RESULTS: ABE exhibited preserved tyrosinase activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. In vivo, ABE increased plasma L-DOPA and dopamine levels by ∼55% and ∼30%, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01), and significantly elevated nigral dopamine (p < 0.001) and AADC activity (p < 0.01). Motor deficits were attenuated, with reduced beam-walking errors (p < 0.001). Oxidative stress was mitigated, as evidenced by restoration of SOD and CAT activities (p < 0.001) and reduction of MDA, H₂O₂, and NO levels (p < 0.05). ABE suppressed neuroinflammation by decreasing NF-κB p65 expression (p < 0.001) and reducing IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). Apoptotic signaling was shifted toward cell survival, with increased Bcl-2 (p < 0.01) and decreased Bax and Bad expression (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry confirmed preservation of tyrosine hydroxylase - positive neurons (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: ABE exerts neuroprotective effects in MPTP-induced PD via tyrosinase-associated enhancement of dopaminergic metabolism, alongside antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.