Dukan diet, ketogenic diet and low glycemic index diet: Biochemical basis and metabolic consequences.

Obesity and its consequences have been a serious public health problem for many years, both in developing and developed countries. Due to the dangers associated with being overweight, the topic of diet is constantly one of the most frequently discussed in society. Effective weight loss without feeling hunger and the yo-yo effect are among the most common phrases entered into search engines. Our work aimed to present three popular diets' biochemical basis and metabolic consequences, each based on consuming a different macronutrient. Additionally, our work explores the epigenetic impact of these diets, examining how changes in dietary patterns can influence gene expression and potentially lead to long-term health effects. This aspect is crucial in understanding the immediate metabolic responses and the lasting genetic modifications that can arise from adhering to these dietary regimes.