Effects of ketamine, granisetron and dexmedetomidine on postoperative shivering and hemodynamic changes after general anesthesia: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Postoperative shivering is one of the most common complications of surgeries. The current research compared the effects of ketamine, granisetron, and dexmedetomidine on reducing postoperative shivering after general anesthesia. This double-blind clinical trial enrolled 148 patients (39.08 ± 5.99 years old) who had been admitted to Vali-Asr Hospital of Arak, Iran in 2019-2021. The study drugs, including dexmedetomidine, ketamine, granisetron and normal saline, were administered in corresponding groups 30 minutes before the end of surgery. The results showed that dexmedetomidine reduced mean arterial pressure and heart rate in patients. The lowest incidence of shivering was observed in the dexmedetomidine group and it increased the duration of recovery. Overall, dexmedetomidine is recommended to reduce postoperative shivering after general anesthesia, but the increase in duration of recovery should be considered.