Contact dermatitis · 2023
Contact sensitizers in commercial hair dye products in the Indian market: A consumer exposure study.
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Palaniappan Vijayasankar, Murthy Aravind Baskar, Sadhasivamohan Anusuya, Karthikeyan Kaliaperumal
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Hair dye is a concoction of various ingredients that can result in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) which is a common problem encountered by dermatologists.
OBJECTIVES: To find out the presence of potent contact sensitizers in commercially available hair dyes in Puducherry, a union territory in South India, and to compare the findings with similar studies conducted in different countries.
METHODS: Ingredients labels of 159 hair dye products from 30 brands that were manufactured and marketed in India screened for the presence of contact sensitizers.
RESULTS: A total of 25 potent contact sensitizers were found in 159 hair dye products. p-Phenylenediamine and resorcinol were the most frequent contact sensitizer found in the study. The mean contact sensitizer concentration in a single hair dye product is 3.72 ± 1.81. The number of potent contact sensitizers in individual hair dye products ranged from 1 to 10.
CONCLUSION: We observed that most of the consumer-available hair dyes contain multiple contact sensitizers. Also, an inadequacy in mentioning the p-Phenylenediamine content, and appropriate warning contents regarding hair dye use were not mentioned in the cartons.
OBJECTIVES: To find out the presence of potent contact sensitizers in commercially available hair dyes in Puducherry, a union territory in South India, and to compare the findings with similar studies conducted in different countries.
METHODS: Ingredients labels of 159 hair dye products from 30 brands that were manufactured and marketed in India screened for the presence of contact sensitizers.
RESULTS: A total of 25 potent contact sensitizers were found in 159 hair dye products. p-Phenylenediamine and resorcinol were the most frequent contact sensitizer found in the study. The mean contact sensitizer concentration in a single hair dye product is 3.72 ± 1.81. The number of potent contact sensitizers in individual hair dye products ranged from 1 to 10.
CONCLUSION: We observed that most of the consumer-available hair dyes contain multiple contact sensitizers. Also, an inadequacy in mentioning the p-Phenylenediamine content, and appropriate warning contents regarding hair dye use were not mentioned in the cartons.