[Update on current care guidelines: obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in adults].

Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is based on the patient history, clinical examination and sleep study. Untreated OSAS increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, traffic accidents, lost work days and mortality. Weight loss forms the basis of treatment in obese patients. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the treatment of choice in moderate/severe cases of OSAS. In selected cases, oral appliances or surgical treatment are of benefit.