The latest progress of tympanic membrane repair materials.

Tympanic membrane perforation is a common disease in otolaryngology, manifested as hearing loss, chronic infection, and often caused by middle ear trauma and infection. Choosing suitable repair materials to repair the perforation of the tympanic membrane is to achieve the purpose of improving the hearing of the patient and improving the discharge of pus. Autologous tissues, such as tragus perichondrium, temporal muscle fascia, tragus cartilage, fat, etc., are commonly used in clinical repair materials, and other materials include foreign bodies and allogeneic materials. Others include foreign bodies and foreign body materials. With the development of medicine and tissue engineering, many synthetic materials have achieved good results in repairing the tympanic membrane and improving hearing. The combined 3D printing technology of tympanic membrane regeneration and bioengineering aims to improve the success rate of surgery, increase the availability of different stents, and provide innovation repair materials and simplify surgical techniques (Sagiv et al., 2020 [1]). This article aims to describe the latest developments in the repair of tympanic membranes with autologous materials, foreign bodies and foreign materials, and artificial synthetic materials.