Effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health and masticatory function in patients with anterior teeth displacement due to periodontal disease.

AIMS: To evaluate the combined effect of orthodontic treatment and periodontal care on improving periodontal health and masticatory function in patients with anterior teeth displacement caused by periodontal disease.

METHODS

This retrospective study involved 200 patients with anterior teeth displacement due to periodontal disease, treated between January 2022 and January 2025. Patients were divided into a control group (n=103), receiving standard periodontal treatment, and an observation group (n=97), receiving combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment. Clinical measurements, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival bleeding index (GBI), occlusal force, and chewing efficiency, were taken before, after treatment, and during a 12-month follow-up. Paired t-tests and regression models compared the outcomes.

RESULTS

The observation group showed significant improvement in periodontal health compared to the control group (P>0.05). Post-treatment, CAL, GBI and PD decreased significantly (all P<0.001). Masticatory function, including occlusal force and chewing efficiency, improved significantly in the observation group (P<0.001). The overall effective rate was higher in the observation group (96.91%) compared to the control group (74.75%) (P=0.017). Additionally, pain levels, measured by visual analog scale (VAS), were lower in the observation group (P<0.001). Incidence of dental diseases, including gingival bleeding and periodontal abscess, was also significantly lower (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified orthodontic treatment (OR: 2.883, 95% CI: 2.183-3.799, P<0.001) as a significant contributor to clinical efficacy.

CONCLUSION

The combination of orthodontic treatment and periodontal care significantly enhances periodontal health, masticatory function, and reduces dental complications in patients with anterior teeth displacement due to periodontal disease.