Nature communications · 2026
Jets from a stellar-mass black hole are as relativistic as those from supermassive black holes.
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Zhang X, Yu W, Carotenuto F, Fender R, Motta S, Bahramian A, Miller-Jones J C A, Russell T D, Corbel S, Woudt P A, Atri P, Knigge C, Sivakoff G R, Hughes A K, van den Eijnden J, Matthews J H, Baglio M C, Saikia P
Аннотация
Relativistic jets from supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei are amongst the most powerful phenomena in the universe. Similar jets from stellar-mass black holes offer a chance to study the phenomena on accessible observation time scales. However, such comparative studies across black hole masses and time scales remain hampered by the long-standing perception that stellar-mass black hole jets are in a less relativistic regime. Here, we show the detection of two distinct, relativistic jet ejections from the Galactic black hole X-ray binary 4U 1543-47 during a single outburst, with radio interferometry monitoring observations. Our measurements reveal a likely Lorentz factor of approximately 8 and a minimum of 4.6 at launch with 95% confidence, demonstrating that stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries can launch jets as relativistic as those seen in active galactic nuclei.