Latent profiles of PTSD and CPTSD: the importance of emotional hypoactivation.

Background

Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), introduced in ICD-11, is distinguished from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by persistent disturbances in self-organization (DSO). While categorical approaches are frequently applied, recent research indicates substantial symptom heterogeneity within posttraumatic stress disorders.Aim: This study aimed to (a) identify latent profiles of posttraumatic symptomatology based on ICD-11 PTSD and DSO dimensions, and (b) examine their associations with a range of trauma exposure and psychological correlates among CPTSD and PTSD patients.Method: A latent profile analysis was conducted on a mixed sample of clinical and non-clinical participants (N = 235) using the International Trauma Questionnaire. The resulting profiles were compared across indicators of trauma exposure and psychological correlates.

Results

Four latent profiles were identified: three clinical profiles (PTSD, CPTSD with high emotional hypoactivation, and CPTSD with low emotional hypoactivation) and one 'Low Symptom' profile. CPTSD profiles were characterised by more severe and varied symptomatology, particularly in the presence of pronounced hypoactivation.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the heterogeneity of posttraumatic symptom profiles and suggest that emotional hypoactivation may contribute to differences between CPTSD presentations. Recognising this dimension alongside psychological functioning may refine diagnostic practices and guide the development of targeted interventions tailored to diverse clinical presentations.