Preventive medicine reports · 2026
Sleep quality and physical activity profiles associated with quality of life, self-rated health, and happiness: A cross-sectional population study in Western Iran.
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Zakiei Ali, Sarabi Neda, Zangeneh-Mehr Giti, Rajabi-Gilan Nader, Khezeli Mehdi
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Although the benefits of a healthy lifestyle are well recognized, little is known about how sleep and physical activity patterns jointly relate to multiple well-being outcomes - namely quality of life, self-rated health, and happiness. This study was designed to address that gap.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted across five western provinces of Iran (in october 2024), involving 1187 residents aged 16 years and older. A person-centered cluster analysis was applied to explore the combined associations of sleep quality and physical activity behaviors with the three outcome measures.
RESULTS: Significant differences emerged among clusters for all outcomes (p < 0.01). Cluster 3 consistently reported the highest mean scores for quality of life (3.57 ± 0.88), self-rated health (4.05 ± 0.76), and happiness (2.38 ± 0.82). Effect sizes were 0.15, 0.19, and 0.10, respectively - large for quality of life and self-rated health, and medium-to-large for happiness.
CONCLUSION: Overall, the findings indicate that specific configurations of sleep quality and physical activity are meaningfully linked to well-being indicators. However, given the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be drawn. The results nonetheless offer valuable insights for future research and for tailoring health interventions to population subgroups.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted across five western provinces of Iran (in october 2024), involving 1187 residents aged 16 years and older. A person-centered cluster analysis was applied to explore the combined associations of sleep quality and physical activity behaviors with the three outcome measures.
RESULTS: Significant differences emerged among clusters for all outcomes (p < 0.01). Cluster 3 consistently reported the highest mean scores for quality of life (3.57 ± 0.88), self-rated health (4.05 ± 0.76), and happiness (2.38 ± 0.82). Effect sizes were 0.15, 0.19, and 0.10, respectively - large for quality of life and self-rated health, and medium-to-large for happiness.
CONCLUSION: Overall, the findings indicate that specific configurations of sleep quality and physical activity are meaningfully linked to well-being indicators. However, given the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be drawn. The results nonetheless offer valuable insights for future research and for tailoring health interventions to population subgroups.