[Phobic postural vertigo: clinical aspects and course of illness].

Phobic postural vertigo (PPV) is the second most common diagnosis on a dizziness unit. It is a somatoform syndrome characterized as a chronic and incapacitating condition with subjective imbalance and short attacks of dizziness. During a period of 18 months, PPV was observed in 41 patients among 251 of a dizziness unit. Twenty-six had primary PPV, among whom 65% had depressive or anxiety disorders, and 15 patients were diagnosed at secondary PPV. Normal neurological examination and diagnostic tests were observed in most cases. A favorable response to treatment (antidepressants, benzodiazepines, psychotherapy and/or orientation) was observed in 62% of all patients, without difference between both groups -- primary and secondary PPV. Despite the high prevalence, PPV is misdiagnosed. Therefore one must attempt to recognize it, since its appropriate treatment prevents recurrence and incapacitation.