Not all radiolucencies of the jaw require enucleation: a case of brown tumour.

We describe a case of brown tumour from primary hyperparathyroidism, which presented with radiolucency in the jaw. It was treated by parathyroidectomy, which resulted in complete resolution of the lytic lesion without any surgery to the jaw. It is important to be aware of endocrine causes of a common radiological sign to avoid unnecessary local surgical intervention.