Journal of general internal medicine · 2010
Diagnosis and management of mineral metabolism in CKD.
Сравнительное исследованиеСтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Bhan Ishir, Dubey Anil, Wolf Myles
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 26 million Americans and is frequently complicated early in its course by disordered mineral metabolism and metabolic bone disease. Since CKD-related bone loss is often indistinguishable from osteoporosis by standard bone densitometry, many CKD patients may be inappropriately treated with bisphosphonates rather than CKD-specific therapies.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of appropriate evaluation, diagnosis and management of metabolic bone disease among individuals with pre-dialysis CKD.
DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records of 69,215 ambulatory patients seen in the primary care clinics of an academic medical center.
MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence of CKD stages 3-4, frequency of diagnostic testing and treatment of metabolic bone disease.
MAIN RESULTS: Based on current diagnostic criteria and consistent with national data, CKD was present in 12% of the population. Bisphosphonates were used in 7.2% of patients, 20% of whom met criteria for CKD. Fewer than half of CKD patients underwent testing for parathyroid hormone (PTH) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) levels. Among those tested, vitamin D deficiency (25D <30 ng/ml) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (PTH >60 pg/ml) were present in 65% and 55%, respectively. Among patients with CKD, bisphosphonate use was nearly seven times as frequent as therapy with active vitamin D (12% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.0001), a primary treatment for CKD-associated metabolic bone disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Disordered mineral metabolism in CKD is common, under-diagnosed and under-treated. As a result, bisphosphonates may be prescribed inappropriately in patients with CKD.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of appropriate evaluation, diagnosis and management of metabolic bone disease among individuals with pre-dialysis CKD.
DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records of 69,215 ambulatory patients seen in the primary care clinics of an academic medical center.
MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence of CKD stages 3-4, frequency of diagnostic testing and treatment of metabolic bone disease.
MAIN RESULTS: Based on current diagnostic criteria and consistent with national data, CKD was present in 12% of the population. Bisphosphonates were used in 7.2% of patients, 20% of whom met criteria for CKD. Fewer than half of CKD patients underwent testing for parathyroid hormone (PTH) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) levels. Among those tested, vitamin D deficiency (25D <30 ng/ml) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (PTH >60 pg/ml) were present in 65% and 55%, respectively. Among patients with CKD, bisphosphonate use was nearly seven times as frequent as therapy with active vitamin D (12% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.0001), a primary treatment for CKD-associated metabolic bone disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Disordered mineral metabolism in CKD is common, under-diagnosed and under-treated. As a result, bisphosphonates may be prescribed inappropriately in patients with CKD.