[The current methods of treating cholelithiasis].

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a new technique or fragmentation of gallstones. The first report was published by German researchers in 1986. The authors have now extended their skills in 175 patients with a success rate in 98%. Dornier and other manufacturers have introduced second generation lithotriptors and numerous university centers in Europe are now utilizing these units for treatment of patients with gallstones. Effective shockwaves can be generated by underwater electrostatic spark discharge, electromagnetic acoustic shockwave generators and piezoelectric crystals. Most second generation lithotriptors maintain the acoustic couple via a pressurized compressible water bag. The pros and cons of ESWL are discussed.