Comparison of the nutritional diagnosis, obtained through different methods and indicators, in patients with cancer.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this article is to compare the diagnosis, obtained through different methods and indicators, of nutritional risk in patients with cancer.

METHODS

It was assessed nutritional risk in of 144 oncology patients was assessed, making use of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA, Detsky 1987), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST, 2003), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Serum Albumin.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Kappa, chi-square and McNemar tests.

RESULTS

It was found a high prevalence of malnutrition (MUST, 78.32%; SGA, 77.08%; serum albumin level< 3.5 g/dL, 45.60%; BMI < 20.0 kg/m(2), 36.11%) in patients with cancer. In general, there was a higher prevalence in patients with Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer (72.22%), with the stomach cancer being the most common one (29.17%). Tumors of the digestive tract presented with higher nutritional risk according to SGA (p < 0.0001), MUST (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0,05) and serum albumin level < 3,0 g/dL (p < 0.05); these patients have twenty three times more chances of nutritional risk than patients with cancer in other organs. The patients that have also metastasis presented greater nutritional impairment, according to MUST (p < 0.05) and serum albumin level< 3,0 g/dl (p < 0,01). According to this study, we demonstrate that there is no difference between the Diagnosis of Nutritional Risk, according to MUST and SGA. However, these values are different when confronted with the ones of serum albumin level and BMI.

CONCLUSION

The MUST and the Serum Albumin proved to be sensitive methods for the identification of nutritional risk in patients with metastatic cancer. The SGA and MUST tests are good diagnostic tests which presented convergence of results.