International immunopharmacology · 2025
Post-COVID-19 sequelae are associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ immune responses.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Venegoni Chiara, Raineri Davide, Mazzucca Camilla Barbero, Ghazanfar Ali, Cappellano Giuseppe, Baricich Alessio, Patrucco Filippo, Zeppegno Patrizia, Gramaglia Carla, Balbo Piero Emilio, Cantaluppi Vincenzo, Patti Giuseppe, Giordano Mara, Manfredi Marcello, Rolla Roberta, Sainaghi Pier Paolo, Pirisi Mario, Bellan Mattia, Chiocchetti Annalisa
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to widespread post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), affecting multiple body systems. Despite its prevalence, PASC's pathogenesis remains unclear, with hypotheses suggesting viral persistence, immune activation, and autoimmune responses among the pathogenetic mechanism. This study aimed to evaluate T cell memory response in PASC patients, one year post-hospital discharge and correlate it with clinical parameters to identify a potential PASC-associated fingerprint.
METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PASC patients and healthy controls (HC) were stimulated with a pool of spike peptides. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were evaluated by flow cytometry using the activation-induced markers assay (AIM).
RESULTS: Findings showed significant activation of the CD4+ T cell compartment, with a higher proportion of responders among PASC patients. Central memory (CM) T cells expressing pro-inflammatory cytokines were more prevalent in responders. Clinical correlations revealed higher SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in patients with reduced diffuse lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and residual symptoms.
CONCLUSION: These immune changes, especially in CM T cells, could play a pivotal role in PASC's development and persistence, impacting patients' daily lives.
METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PASC patients and healthy controls (HC) were stimulated with a pool of spike peptides. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were evaluated by flow cytometry using the activation-induced markers assay (AIM).
RESULTS: Findings showed significant activation of the CD4+ T cell compartment, with a higher proportion of responders among PASC patients. Central memory (CM) T cells expressing pro-inflammatory cytokines were more prevalent in responders. Clinical correlations revealed higher SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in patients with reduced diffuse lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and residual symptoms.
CONCLUSION: These immune changes, especially in CM T cells, could play a pivotal role in PASC's development and persistence, impacting patients' daily lives.