Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2017
The spectrum of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease due to myelin protein zero: An electrodiagnostic, nerve ultrasound and histological study.
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Fabrizi Gian Maria, Tamburin Stefano, Cavallaro Tiziana, Cabrini Ilaria, Ferrarini Moreno, Taioli Federica, Magrinelli Francesca, Zanette Giampietro
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Nerve ultrasound (US) data on myelin protein zero (MPZ)-related Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) are lacking. To offer a comprehensive perspective on MPZ-related CMTs, we combined nerve US with clinics, electrodiagnosis and histopathology.
METHODS: We recruited 36 patients (12 MPZ mutations), and correlated nerve US to clinical, electrodiagnostic measures, and sural nerve biopsy.
RESULTS: According to motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) criteria, nine patients were categorized as "demyelinating" CMT1B, 17 as "axonal" CMT2I/J, and 10 as dominant "intermediate" CMTDID. Sural nerve biopsy showed hypertrophic de-remyelinating neuropathy with numerous complex onion bulbs in one patient, de-remyelinating neuropathy with scanty/absent onion bulbs in three, axonal neuropathy in two, mixed demyelinating-axonal neuropathy in five. Electrodiagnosis significantly differed in CMT1B vs. CMT2I/J and CMTDID subgroups. CMT1B had slightly enlarged nerve cross sectional area (CSA) especially at proximal upper-limb (UL) sites. CSA was negatively correlated to UL MNCV and not increased at entrapment sites. Major sural nerve pathological patterns were uncorrelated to UL nerve US and MNCV.
CONCLUSIONS: Sural nerve biopsy confirmed the wide pathological spectrum of MPZ-CMT. UL nerve US identified two major patterns corresponding to the CMT1B and CMT2I/J-CMTDID subgroups.
SIGNIFICANCE: Nerve US phenotype of MPZ-CMT diverged from those in other demyelinating peripheral neuropathies and may have diagnostic value.
METHODS: We recruited 36 patients (12 MPZ mutations), and correlated nerve US to clinical, electrodiagnostic measures, and sural nerve biopsy.
RESULTS: According to motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) criteria, nine patients were categorized as "demyelinating" CMT1B, 17 as "axonal" CMT2I/J, and 10 as dominant "intermediate" CMTDID. Sural nerve biopsy showed hypertrophic de-remyelinating neuropathy with numerous complex onion bulbs in one patient, de-remyelinating neuropathy with scanty/absent onion bulbs in three, axonal neuropathy in two, mixed demyelinating-axonal neuropathy in five. Electrodiagnosis significantly differed in CMT1B vs. CMT2I/J and CMTDID subgroups. CMT1B had slightly enlarged nerve cross sectional area (CSA) especially at proximal upper-limb (UL) sites. CSA was negatively correlated to UL MNCV and not increased at entrapment sites. Major sural nerve pathological patterns were uncorrelated to UL nerve US and MNCV.
CONCLUSIONS: Sural nerve biopsy confirmed the wide pathological spectrum of MPZ-CMT. UL nerve US identified two major patterns corresponding to the CMT1B and CMT2I/J-CMTDID subgroups.
SIGNIFICANCE: Nerve US phenotype of MPZ-CMT diverged from those in other demyelinating peripheral neuropathies and may have diagnostic value.