Immunological pattern in Syrian golden hamsters experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni and Leishmania d. infantum.

The immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgE, & IgA) and the complements (C3 & C4) were studied in hamsters as result of a single infection (S. mansoni or L.d. infantum) and as concomitant infection (L.d. infantum on top of S. mansoni). The immunological pattern showed profound IgG and IgA increase in the concomitant group than either infection alone. Also, concomitant infection induced more IgE increase than either infection alone. On the other hand, C3 and C4 showed more decrease in concomitant infection. The whole results were discussed.