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Войти в исследования Polysensitization in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): A 2019-2022 prospective study with cluster and network analysis.
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Pesqué David, Borrego Leopoldo, Zaragoza-Ninet Violeta, Sanz-Sánchez Tatiana, Miquel-Miquel Francisco Javier, González-Pérez Ricardo, Silvestre Juan Francisco, Córdoba-Guijarro Susana, Carrascosa José Manuel, Gatica-Ortega María Elena, Ruiz-González Inmaculada, Mercader-García Pedro, Tous-Romero Fátima, Ortiz de Frutos Francisco Javier, Serra-Baldrich Esther, Pastor-Nieto María Antonia, Rodríguez-Serna Mercedes, Sánchez-Pérez Javier, Sánchez-Gilo Araceli, Melé-Ninot Gemma, Sánchez-Pedreño Guillén Paloma, Pujol Ramon Maria, Giménez-Arnau Ana María
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency, relevance, symptoms duration and risk factors in polysensitized patients and to assess possible allergen aggregation.
METHODS: Prospective multicentric study (January 2019-December 2022) conducted in setting of the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Register (REIDAC). Clinical and patch test data of polysensitized and oligosensitized patients were compared, and risk factors of PS were investigated with logistic multivariate regression. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and network analysis were used to study allergen aggregation in PS.
RESULTS: A total of 10,176 patients were analysed. PS was found in 844 (8.3%). Current relevance was significantly higher in polysensitized patients (p < 0.01). Risk factors for PS were atopic dermatitis (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.24-2.02), age (≥60 years vs. ≤24 years, OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.25-2.44) and some special locations (legs vs. face OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.25, hands vs. face OR: 1.46, 95% CI:1.15-1.85, arms vs. face OR: 1.49, 95% CI:1.01-2.20, trunk vs. face OR: 1.40, 95% CI:1.06-1.85). Cluster and network analyses revealed specific-allergen clusters and significant associations, including allergens belonging to metals group, fragrances and botanicals group, topical drugs group, rubber allergens and biocides.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that PS is structured by discernible patterns of specific-allergen clusters and reinforces significant allergen associations in PS. Cross-reactivity and/or concomitant sensitization could explain the formation of allergen clusters in PS.