Preclinical Assessment of Atorvastatin for Treatment of Endocardial Fibroelastosis.

Endocardial fibroelastosis is a condition caused by the fibrogenic activation of endothelial cells via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the endocardium, which is regulated by the transforming growth factor-β pathway. Atorvastatin, a statin, can protect the vascular endothelium by up-regulating KLF2 and inhibiting the transforming growth factor-β pathway. This study aimed to investigate the effects of atorvastatin on the fibrogenic activation of endothelial cells in the endocardium. The study found that atorvastatin treatment reduced fibrogenic activation of endocardial endothelial cells and increased KLF2 expression in both in vitro and in vivo models of endocardial fibroelastosis-related left ventricular restriction.