Contemporary Trends and Future Prospects of Genetically Engineered Vaccines in the Management and Prevention of Dental Caries.

Despite conventional preventive measures including dental sealants, dietary changes, and fluoride treatments, dental caries (DC) is still a global health issue. An important pathogen in DC development, Streptococcus mutans, forms biofilms and demineralizes enamel in acidic oral conditions. Promising substitutes are provided by new preventative techniques such as genetic engineering, probiotics, and antibacterial peptides. A potential long-term remedy is the genetically altered BCS3-L1 strain, which is intended to outcompete S. mutans and stop the generation of acid. Even though these developments have the potential to completely transform oral healthcare, further study is required to guarantee their efficacy, safety, and public acceptability. The aim of this review is to highlight the salient features, the probable mechanism behind it, while also exploring the limitations associated with it and shedding light on the future prospects of the strain.