Current research in microbial sciences · 2025
Supragingival microbial profiles in caries-free and caries-active adolescents treated with fixed orthodontics.
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Miao Xiaoyu, Cao Henglong, Chen Jin, Gao Yang, Li Jiayi, Zhang Bin, Nie Min, Yu Miao
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dental caries occur primarily due to the formation of excessive dental plaque biofilm on teeth surfaces. This study aims to analyze the supragingival microbial profiles of permanent teeth in caries-free and caries-active adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances and to identify bacterial biomarkers that may be indicative of caries activity in specific population.
METHODS: Twelve-year-old adolescents treated with fixed orthodontic appliances were selected as the study population, with 5 caries-free and 5 caries-active subjects. Supragingival plaque samples were collected from the first permanent molars for the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis of the V3-V4 region.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in alpha diversity and beta diversity between the caries-free and caries-active groups. LEfSe analysis showed that differentially abundant genera such as Selenomonas_3 (S. haemophilus, S. abiotrophia and S. streptococcus), Oribacterium, Dialister, and Olsenella species in the caries-free group, and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella, and Abiotrophia species in the caries-active group, could be identified as potential biomarkers (P < 0.05). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed significant synergistic relationships among bacteria, with Streptococcusspp. displaying the strongest associations with other genera.
CONCLUSIONS: Increases in S. mutans and bacteria from the genera Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella, and Abiotrophia were strongly associated with the caries-active status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. While increases in Selenomonas_3, Oribacterium, Dialister, and Olsenella were linked to caries-free status. These findings highlight the importance of managing the oral microbiome in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances, as certain bacterial species can serve as indicators of caries risk.
METHODS: Twelve-year-old adolescents treated with fixed orthodontic appliances were selected as the study population, with 5 caries-free and 5 caries-active subjects. Supragingival plaque samples were collected from the first permanent molars for the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis of the V3-V4 region.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in alpha diversity and beta diversity between the caries-free and caries-active groups. LEfSe analysis showed that differentially abundant genera such as Selenomonas_3 (S. haemophilus, S. abiotrophia and S. streptococcus), Oribacterium, Dialister, and Olsenella species in the caries-free group, and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella, and Abiotrophia species in the caries-active group, could be identified as potential biomarkers (P < 0.05). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed significant synergistic relationships among bacteria, with Streptococcusspp. displaying the strongest associations with other genera.
CONCLUSIONS: Increases in S. mutans and bacteria from the genera Neisseria, Haemophilus, Granulicatella, and Abiotrophia were strongly associated with the caries-active status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. While increases in Selenomonas_3, Oribacterium, Dialister, and Olsenella were linked to caries-free status. These findings highlight the importance of managing the oral microbiome in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances, as certain bacterial species can serve as indicators of caries risk.