[Principles of diagnosis of apnea in sleep].

One of the most important fields in sleep medicine is that of respiratory disorders in sleep. There was a steady progress in a development of new diagnostic methods and procedures, particularly after the introduction of portable apnea screening devices. The review provides update on techniques and procedures in respect to the diagnosis of sleep apnoea. Current trends are discussed, including the increasing role of portable devices and at-home monitoring in the screening and diagnostic process. A comparison between the procedures is discussed, as well as the polysomnographic examples of different types of studies (Type 1 to Type 4, attended v. non-attended).