Emerging therapies for PBC.

Primary biliary cholangitis is an uncommon cholestatic liver disease predominantly affecting middle-aged women. Left untreated, there is a high risk of progression to end-stage liver disease. Few treatment options exist. To date, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and obeticholic acid (OCA) are the only medical therapies approved for use, other than symptomatic treatments and liver transplantation, the latter of which is reserved for those developing complications of cirrhosis or with intractable pruritus. UDCA improves outcomes, but many patients do not adequately respond. OCA therapy may improve response, but long-term data are limited. New therapies are desperately needed, but evaluation has been limited by the fact that the disease is heterogeneous, hard end points take years to develop, and there are different criteria in use for determining therapeutic response based on surrogate biomarkers. Fibrates appear to be the most promising new therapy and have beneficially affected surrogate end points and are beginning to show improvement in clinical end points.