Impact of Exercise Regimens on Childhood Obesity Through Gut Microbiota Regulation: A Systematic Review.

Childhood obesity represents a global concern, adversely affecting the physical and mental health of children. This condition results from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, among which the gut microbiota plays a significant role. Exercise, a crucial lifestyle factor, impacts obesity, with the gut microbiota potentially serving as a mediating link between the two. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that physical activity can modify microbial imbalances and the metabolic networks of the gut microbiota, thereby effectively addressing childhood obesity. However, the precise molecular mechanisms involved remain inadequately understood. This review aims to investigate the impact of exercise on the gut microbiota and the microbial metabolites it produces. In addition, we provide a summary of several clinical trials from the past two decades that have examined how exercise influences the gut microbiota and affects the progression of childhood obesity. This study offers both theoretical and practical insights for comprehensive interventions targeting childhood obesity.