Approach to rhinitis.

Rhinitis is a common affliction of humans that can cause significant morbidity. Distinction between allergic and nonallergic varieties has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Newer, nonsedating antihistamines and intranasal steroid preparations have greatly enhanced the treatment of these disorders. Distinguishing factors of viral and bacterial rhinitis have been reviewed. Early recognition of nasal cellulitis and mucormycosis with aggressive therapy is necessary to prevent serious complications. Multiple processes, including structural and drug-induced reactions, can mimic rhinitis. An orderly approach, including a good history and physical examination, coupled with use of the nasal smear, will allow the emergency physician to master this frequent complaint.