Histopathological Features and Clinical Findings of Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (FCGS) in Cats (Felis catus) at Gloriavet Clinic, Bandung.

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the oral cavity characterized by distinctive lesions involving various areas of the mucosa. Histopathological examination was performed to differentiate FCGS from other inflammatory conditions and to assess its severity for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical findings and histopathological features of oral lesions in cats diagnosed with FCGS and to examine their association with patient-related factors, including breed, sex, age, and housing conditions. A semiquantitative approach was used to assess clinical findings using the Stomatitis Disease Activity Index (SDAI) and histopathological lesion scoring. The results revealed pathological findings such as erythema, swelling, hemorrhage, and ulceration, with the most severe lesions commonly observed in the gingival region associated with periodontal problems. Histopathological findings included epithelial hyperplasia, intraepithelial inflammation cell infiltration, spongiosis, and ulceration as indicators of epithelial damage, along with inflammatory cell infiltration within the lamina propria and submucosa, with varying degrees of severity. Statistical analysis showed that patient-related variables had no significant influence on the severity of either clinical or histopathological findings (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that the progression and severity of FCGS are closely associated with immune responses to multiple pathogens within the oral mucosa rather than by individual patient factors.